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independent budget

Толкование Перевод

1 independent budget

самостоятельный бюджет

Англо-русский экономический словарь > independent budget
2 independent budget

самостоятельный бюджет

English-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > independent budget
3 budget

1. n

1) бюджет; детальный план доходов и расходов правительства

2) прогноз финансового положения компании в течение определенного периода

3) смета расходов и доходов по проекту

- ad budget
- additional budget
- administrative budget
- adverse budget
- advertising budget
- annual budget
- approved budget
- austerity budget
- autonomous budget
- balanced budget
- balanced state budget
- capital budget
- capital assets budget
- capital expenditure budget
- cash budget
- city budget
- consolidated budget
- consumer budget
- current budget
- defence budget
- deficit-free budget
- deficit-ridden
- department budget
- district budget
- double budget
- draft budget
- emergency budget
- excise budget
- expense budget
- extraordinary budget
- family budget
- federal budget
- fixed budget
- fixed assets budget
- flexible budget
- forecast budget
- formula budget
- government budget
- household budget
- independent budget
- labour budget
- legislative budget
- local budget
- low budget
- manpower budget
- manufacturing overhead budget
- master budget
- materials budget
- military budget
- mini budget
- multiple budget
- municipal budget
- national budget
- operating budget
- ordinary budget
- overall budget
- overhead budget
- performance budget
- physical budget
- planning budget
- practicable budget
- programme budget
- project budget
- proposed budget
- publicity budget
- purchase budget
- realizable budget
- regional budget
- sales budget
- sequestrated budget
- sliding-scale budget
- state budget
- state social insurance budget
- step budget
- supplementary budget
- surplus budget
- tough budget
- transitional budget
- unbalanced budget
- unified budget
- voted budget
- budget of expenditure
- budget of volume and expenditure
- approve the budget
- balance the budget
- bring in the budget
- build up a budget
- cut the budget
- decrease the budget
- draw up a budget
- exceed the budget
- execute the budget
- implement the budget
- include in the budget
- increase the budget
- make a budget
- open the budget
- pass the budget
- prepare the budget
- present the budget
- stretch the budget
- submit the budget
- subsidize from the budget
- work out a budget
2. v

1) предусматривать в бюджете

2) планировать

English-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > budget
4 near cash

!

гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.

Introduction

This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.

Principles of the framework

The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:
"
consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;
" "
the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;
" "
strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and
"
the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.

The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:
"
the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and
"
the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.

Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.

Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)

The framework for public expenditure is divided between
"
Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and
"
Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.

More information about DEL and AME is set out below.

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Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL)

In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.

To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.

Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.

Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.

There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.

Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME)

AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.

AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.

AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.

Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.

Total Managed Expenditure

Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.

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Resource Accounting and Budgeting ( RAB)

Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets.
"
Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest.
"
Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:
"
Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and
"
Administration Budgets (see below)

Administration Budgets

The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.

Spending Reviews

The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.

The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.

Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.

The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:
"
provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;
" "
enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;
" "
introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and
"
not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.

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Comprehensive Spending Review 2007

To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.

A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:
"
an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;
" "
an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;
" "
to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with
"
further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.

The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.

Obtaining good performance

Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.

The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.

Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.

Departmental Investment Strategies (DISs)

To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.

This document was updated on 19 December 2005.

Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money

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GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money
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GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money

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GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.

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64Managing Public Money

Англо-русский экономический словарь > near cash
5 accountant

сущ.

1) эк. тр., учет бухгалтер (специалист, который на основании принципов бухгалтерского учета анализирует финансовую информацию и составляет финансовые отчеты)

Whether an organisation calls its accountant a management accountant, a financial accountant or just an accountant doesn't matter. — Не имеет значения, как называть бухгалтера компании: бухгалтером по управленческому учету, финансовым бухгалтером или просто бухгалтером.

bank accountant — бухгалтер банка

company’s accountant — бухгалтер компании

accountant of the Society — бухгалтер Общества

a chief accountant of a small enterprise — главный бухгалтер мелкого предприятия

accountant for a local accounting firm — бухгалтер местной бухгалтерской фирмы

accountant at construction company — бухгалтер в строительной компании

accountant in manufacturing company — бухгалтер в производственной компании

Syn:

financial accountant

See:

chief accountant, general accountant, junior accountant, semisenior, senior accountant а) accountant's department, accounting clerk, book-keeper, accountant-in-charge 2), in-charge accountant

2) учет, ауд. специалист по учету (лицо, оказывающее бухгалтерские услуги, такие как составление финансовых отчетов и налоговых деклараций, аудиторская проверка финансовых документов и т. п.; часто специализируется на учете в определенных сферах, напр., налогообложении, производственном учете и т. п.)

budget accountant — бухгалтер по бюджету

property accountant — бухгалтер по имуществу

accountant of bills of lading — бухгалтер по коносаментам

accountant of the payment cards — бухгалтер по платежным карточкам

chief accountant for the bills and credits — главный бухгалтер по счетам и кредитам

accountant for financial operations — бухгалтер по финансовым операциям

See:

academic accountant, budget accountant, certified accountant, chartered accountant, cost accountant, costs accountant, financial accountant, independent accountant, industrial accountant, management accountant, practicing accountant, private accountant, professional accountant, property accountant, public accountant, senior accountant б), systems accountant, tax accountant, Accountants' index, accountant's liability, accountants professional liability insurance, accountant's lien, accountant's opinion, accountant privilege, accountant's report, accountant's responsibility, accountant-in-charge 1), in-charge accountant, Accountant's Magazine, Taxation for Accountants, The Accountant, The Accountant's Magazine, American Institute of Accountants, American Society of Woman Accountants, Association of Authorised Public Accountants, Association of Certified and Corporate Accountants, Association of Chartered Certified Accountants, Association of Government Accountants, Australian Society of Certified Practicing Accountants, International Congress of Accountants, International Federation of Accountants, National Association of Accountants, National Society of Accountants, accounting 1) а), audit 1) а) accounting firm, financial statement, quality review 2)

* * *
(Acct.) 1) бухгалтер; квалифицированное лицо, имеющее диплом или лицензию на право заниматься бухгалтерским учетом; см. accounting;
certified public accountant;

chartered accountant;

independent accountant;
2) = auditor.
* * *

бухгалтер
. . Словарь экономических терминов .
* * *

Бухгалтерия и аудит

бухгалтер-ревизор; аудитор

лицо, обученное ведению бухгалтерских книг, в которых регистрируются все финансовые трансакции коммерческих или иных организаций, и составлению периодической отчетности

Англо-русский экономический словарь > accountant
6 BAC

1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. Bacterial Artificial Chromosome, British Accreditation Council for Independent Further and Higher Education, British Association of Counselling

2) Спорт: Beaches Aquatic Club

3) Военный термин: Base Area Code, Basic Airborne Course, British Air Commission, Broad Area Coverage, Budget Activity Code, Budget Advisory Committee, base area commandant, battle assessment calculator, bistatic alerting and cueing

4) Техника: binary analog conversion, boric acid concentrator, buffer address counting

5) Юридический термин: Blood Alcohol Content

6) Бухгалтерия: Budgeted At Completion

7) Автомобильный термин: bypass air control valve

8) Сокращение: Barometric Altitude Control, Battle Area Clearance, British Aerospace Corporation, British Aircraft Corporation

9) Вычислительная техника: binary asymmetric channel, binary-analog conversion

10) Нефть: buffer address counter

11) Иммунология: bacterial antigen complex

12) Биотехнология: Bacterial artificial chromosome

13) Фирменный знак: Bourn Again Creations

14) Экология: biological activated carbon

15) Деловая лексика: плата за заправку судна топливом (bunker adjustment charge)

16) Образование: Breath Alcohol Concentration

17) Сетевые технологии: balanced asynchronous class

18) ЕБРР: Business Advisory Council

19) Полимеры: British Association of Chemists

20) Химическое оружие: Budget at completion

21) Авиационная медицина: blood alcohol concentration

22) Расширение файла: Backup

23) МИД: Baltic Sea Business Advisory Council, Budget and Administrative Committee

24) Имена и фамилии: Brandon Augustus Caesar

25) Фармация: Benzalkonium chloride( бензалкония хлорид)

26) Должность: Breath Analyzer Coordinator

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > BAC
7 BAc

1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. Bacterial Artificial Chromosome, British Accreditation Council for Independent Further and Higher Education, British Association of Counselling

2) Спорт: Beaches Aquatic Club

3) Военный термин: Base Area Code, Basic Airborne Course, British Air Commission, Broad Area Coverage, Budget Activity Code, Budget Advisory Committee, base area commandant, battle assessment calculator, bistatic alerting and cueing

4) Техника: binary analog conversion, boric acid concentrator, buffer address counting

5) Юридический термин: Blood Alcohol Content

6) Бухгалтерия: Budgeted At Completion

7) Автомобильный термин: bypass air control valve

8) Сокращение: Barometric Altitude Control, Battle Area Clearance, British Aerospace Corporation, British Aircraft Corporation

9) Вычислительная техника: binary asymmetric channel, binary-analog conversion

10) Нефть: buffer address counter

11) Иммунология: bacterial antigen complex

12) Биотехнология: Bacterial artificial chromosome

13) Фирменный знак: Bourn Again Creations

14) Экология: biological activated carbon

15) Деловая лексика: плата за заправку судна топливом (bunker adjustment charge)

16) Образование: Breath Alcohol Concentration

17) Сетевые технологии: balanced asynchronous class

18) ЕБРР: Business Advisory Council

19) Полимеры: British Association of Chemists

20) Химическое оружие: Budget at completion

21) Авиационная медицина: blood alcohol concentration

22) Расширение файла: Backup

23) МИД: Baltic Sea Business Advisory Council, Budget and Administrative Committee

24) Имена и фамилии: Brandon Augustus Caesar

25) Фармация: Benzalkonium chloride( бензалкония хлорид)

26) Должность: Breath Analyzer Coordinator

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > BAc
8 bac

1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. Bacterial Artificial Chromosome, British Accreditation Council for Independent Further and Higher Education, British Association of Counselling

2) Спорт: Beaches Aquatic Club

3) Военный термин: Base Area Code, Basic Airborne Course, British Air Commission, Broad Area Coverage, Budget Activity Code, Budget Advisory Committee, base area commandant, battle assessment calculator, bistatic alerting and cueing

4) Техника: binary analog conversion, boric acid concentrator, buffer address counting

5) Юридический термин: Blood Alcohol Content

6) Бухгалтерия: Budgeted At Completion

7) Автомобильный термин: bypass air control valve

8) Сокращение: Barometric Altitude Control, Battle Area Clearance, British Aerospace Corporation, British Aircraft Corporation

9) Вычислительная техника: binary asymmetric channel, binary-analog conversion

10) Нефть: buffer address counter

11) Иммунология: bacterial antigen complex

12) Биотехнология: Bacterial artificial chromosome

13) Фирменный знак: Bourn Again Creations

14) Экология: biological activated carbon

15) Деловая лексика: плата за заправку судна топливом (bunker adjustment charge)

16) Образование: Breath Alcohol Concentration

17) Сетевые технологии: balanced asynchronous class

18) ЕБРР: Business Advisory Council

19) Полимеры: British Association of Chemists

20) Химическое оружие: Budget at completion

21) Авиационная медицина: blood alcohol concentration

22) Расширение файла: Backup

23) МИД: Baltic Sea Business Advisory Council, Budget and Administrative Committee

24) Имена и фамилии: Brandon Augustus Caesar

25) Фармация: Benzalkonium chloride( бензалкония хлорид)

26) Должность: Breath Analyzer Coordinator

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > bac
9 demand theory

эк. теория спроса (раздел микроэкономики, посвященный изучению принятия потребительских решений в области распределения ограниченного дохода между различными благами)

Syn:

theory of demand

See:

consumer, utility, utility function, preference, consumer budget, commodity bundle, budget constraint, indifference curve, substitute goods, complementary goods, independent goods, relative price, absolute price, substitution effect, income effect, nominal income, real income, demand function, Marginalist Revolution, cardinal utility approach, ordinal utility approach, revealed preferences, expenditure function, Slutsky equation, composite commodity, aggregation, price index, Weber-Fechner law

* * *

Маркетинг

теория спроса

теория, описывающая зависимость между спросом на товары и их ценой

Англо-русский экономический словарь > demand theory
10 policy

n

1) политика; политический курс; стратегия; система; ( towards smth) позиция

2) страховой полис

•

to abandon policy — отходить / отказываться от политики

to abide by policy — придерживаться политики

to adhere to policy — придерживаться политики; быть верным какой-л. политике

to administer policy — проводить политику; осуществлять политику

to adopt policy — принимать политику, брать на вооружение политический курс

to advise smb on policy — быть чьим-л. политическим советником

to advocate policy — отстаивать политику

to apply policy — проводить политический курс

to approve policy — одобрять политику

to argue for tougher policy — настаивать на ужесточении политики

to assign smth the status of state policy — возводить что-л. в ранг государственной политики

to back down from policy — отказываться от какой-л. политики

to be adept at foreign policy — быть искушенным в вопросах внешней политики

to be at odds with policy — противоречить какой-л. политике

to be committed to one's policy — быть приверженным своей политике

to be wary about smb's policy — настороженно относиться к чьему-л. политическому курсу

to break away from smb's policy — отходить от чьей-л. политики

to bring one's defense policy closer together — согласовывать свою политику в области обороны

to camouflage one's policy — маскировать свою политику

to carry out / to carry through policy — проводить политику

to champion policy — защищать / отстаивать политику

to change one's policy — менять свою политику

to condemn policy — осуждать политику

to conduct policy — проводить политику

to conflict with smb's policy — противоречить чьей-л. политике

to continue policy — продолжать политику

to coordinate one's policy over smth — координировать свою политику в каком-л. вопросе

to cover up one's policy — маскировать свою политику

to criticize policy — критиковать политику

to decide policy — определять политику, принимать политические решения

to declare policy — объявлять политику

to denounce policy — осуждать политику

to design policy — планировать политику

to determine policy — определять политику

to develop / to devise policy — разрабатывать политику

to direct policy — руководить политикой

to discredit policy — дискредитировать политику

to dismantle one's policy — отказываться от своей политики

to disrupt policy — срывать политику

to dissociate oneself from smb's policy — отмежевываться от чьей-л. политики

to dither about one's policy — колебаться при проведении своей политики

to dump policy — отказываться от политики

to effect policy — осуществлять политику

to effect a policy of insurance — страховаться; приобретать страховой полис

to elaborate policy — вырабатывать политику

to embark on / to embrace policy — принимать какой-л. политический курс

to employ policy — применять политику

to end policy — прекращать политику

to endanger policy — ставить под угрозу политику

to endorse policy — одобрять политику

to establish policy — устанавливать политику

to examine policy — рассматривать политику

to execute / to exercise policy — проводить политику

to explain policy — разъяснять политику

to expound policy — излагать политику

to express policy — высказывать политические взгляды

to follow policy — следовать политике; проводить политику

to forge policy — вырабатывать политику

to formulate policy — определять политику

to frame policy — вырабатывать политику

to give up policy — отказываться от политики

to guide policy — направлять политику

to halt smb's policy — останавливать чью-л. политику

to harden one's policy — ужесточать свою политику / позицию

to harmonize policy — координировать / согласовывать политику

to hold to policy — придерживаться политики

to implement policy — проводить политику

to initiate policy — положить начало политике

to institutionalize policy — законодательно закреплять политику

to interfere in policy — вмешиваться в политику

to introduce policy — вводить политику

to investigate policy — расследовать политику

to justify one's policy — оправдывать свою политику

to keep policy — сохранять политику неизменной

to keep policy going — продолжать политику

to launch policy — начинать проведение политики

to lay policy before the electorate for approval — излагать политический курс для его одобрения избирателями

to lay down policy — устанавливать политический курс

to lose control of policy — утрачивать контроль над политикой

to maintain policy — продолжать политику

to make policy — быть творцом политики

to make a U-turn in policy — делать поворот на 180 градусов в политике

to make clear one's policy — разъяснять свою политику

to make defense policy — заниматься вопросами обороны

to make one's own policy — принимать самостоятельные политические решения

to map out policy — намечать политический курс

to moderate policy — делать политику более умеренной

to modify policy — изменять политику

to outline policy — намечать политический курс

to overturn policy — отвергать политику, отказываться от какой-л. политики

to present policy — излагать политику

to proclaim one's commitment to policy — публично обязываться проводить какую-л. политику

to profess policy — заявлять о политике

to promote the reform policy — способствовать успеху политики реформ

to propagate policy — пропагандировать / рекламировать политику

to pursue policy — проводить политику

to put across smb's policy to smb — доводить свою политику до кого-л.

to put forward policy — выдвигать политический курс

to put one's policy into practice — осуществлять свою политику

to question policy — подвергать сомнению политику

to railroad through one's policy — протаскивать свою политику

to reappraise one's policy — пересматривать свою политику

to reassess one's policy toward a country — пересматривать свою политику по отношению к какой-л. стране

to reconsider one's policy — пересматривать свою политику

to reform policy — перестраивать политику

to reject policy — отвергать политику

to relax one's policy towards smb — смягчать свою политику по отношению к кому-л.

to rethink one's policy — пересматривать свою политику

to reveal policy (of) — разоблачать политику

to reverse one's policy — изменять свою политику

to review policy — 1) делать обзор политики 2) пересматривать политику

to rewrite policy — изменять политику

to set out policy — излагать политику

to shape policy — определять / разрабатывать политику

to signal a change in foreign policy — свидетельствовать об изменении внешней политики

to spearhead one's policy — направлять острие своей политики

to spell out one's policy in advance — заранее излагать свою политику

to stick to a policy — придерживаться какой-л. политики

to support policy — поддерживать политику

to test policy — проверять политику

to thrash out policy — вырабатывать / обсуждать политику

to tighten monetary policy — вводить более строгие правила в финансовой политике

to tone down one's more controversial policy — ограничивать свои менее популярные политические меры

to validate policy — поддерживать какую-л. политику / политическую линию

to violate policy — отступать от политики

to work out policy — разрабатывать политику

- about-turn in policy
- active policy
- adventurist policy
- adventuristic policy
- advocacy of policy
- advocate of policy
- aggressive policy
- agrarian policy
- agricultural policy
- alternative policy
- annexationist policy
- anti-inflationary policy
- anti-national policy
- anti-nuclear policy
- anti-recessionary policy
- appropriate policy
- architect of policy
- arms policy
- austere policy
- austerity policy
- autonomous policy
- balanced policy
- banking policy
- bankrupt policy
- basic policy
- beggar-my-neighbor policy
- bellicose policy
- big stick policy
- big-time policy
- bipartisan policy
- blind-eye policy
- bloc policy
- bomb-in-the-basement policy
- breach of policy
- bridge-building policy
- brinkmanship policy
- brink-of-war policy
- broad-brush policy
- budget policy
- cadres policy
- carrot and stick policy
- cautious policy
- centrist policy
- champion of policy
- change in policy
- change of emphasis in policy
- change of policy
- circumspect policy
- class policy
- clean-air policy
- closed-door trade policy
- coherent policy
- cold war policy
- colonial policy
- colonialist policy
- commercial policy
- commitment to policy of nonintervention
- common policy
- comprehensive national science and technology policy
- comprehensive set of policy
- concerted policy
- conduct of policy
- confrontation policy
- consistent policy
- containment policy
- continuity in policy
- continuity of policy
- continuity with smb's policy
- controversial policy
- coordinated policy
- cornerstone of policy
- counterproductive policy
- country's fundamental policy
- credible policy
- credit card policy
- credit policy
- crumbling policy
- cultural policy
- current policy
- damaging policy
- defeatist policy
- defense policy
- deflationary policy
- demilitarization policy
- democratic policy
- departure in policy
- destabilization policy
- deterrent policy
- development policy
- diametrically opposed policy
- dilatory policy
- diplomatic policy
- disarmament policy
- discretionary policy
- discriminatory policy
- disinflation policy
- distortion of policy
- divide-and-rule policy
- domestic policy
- dynamic policy
- economic and commercial policy
- economic policy
- embargo policy
- emigration policy
- emission policy
- employment policy
- energy policy
- environmental policy
- erroneous policy
- European policy
- even-handed policy
- expansionary policy
- expansionist policy
- experience of policy
- extreme right-wing policy
- fair policy
- farm policy
- far-reaching policy
- far-sighted policy
- federal policy
- financial policy
- firm policy
- fiscal policy
- flexible policy
- for reasons of policy
- foreign aid policy
- foreign policy
- foreign trade policy
- foreign-economic policy
- formation of foreign policy
- formulation of policy
- forward-looking policy
- framework for policy
- free trade policy
- general policy
- generous policy
- give-and-take policy
- global policy
- godfather to policy
- good neighbor policy
- government policy
- government's policy
- great-power policy
- green policy
- gunboat policy
- hands-off policy
- hard-line policy
- harmful policy
- harmonized policy
- health policy
- hegemonic policy
- high-risk policy
- home policy
- ill-thought-out policy
- imperial policy
- imperialist policy
- import policy
- import substitution policy
- in line with policy
- in the field of foreign policy
- inadmissibility of policy
- independent line of policy
- independent policy
- industrial policy
- inflationary policy
- inhuman policy
- instigatory policy
- insurance policy
- internal policy
- international policy
- internment policy
- interventionist policy
- intolerableness of policy
- investment policy
- iron-fist policy
- irreversible policy
- it's against our policy
- kid-glove policy
- labor mediation policy
- laissez-faire policy
- land policy
- language policy
- leash-loosening policy
- left-wing policy
- lending policy
- liberal policy
- liberalization of policy
- liberalized policy
- line of policy
- long-range policy
- long-term policy
- lunatic policy
- main plank of smb's policy
- major changes to policy
- manifestation of policy
- maritime policy
- marketing policy
- massive condemnation of smb's policy
- militaristic policy
- misconduct of policy
- mobile policy
- moderate policy
- monetarist policy
- monetary policy
- much-heralded policy
- mushy policy
- national policy
- nationalistic policy
- nationalities policy
- native policy
- nativist policy
- neo-colonialist policy
- NEP
- neutral policy
- neutrality policy
- New Economic Policy
- news policy
- nonaligned policy
- nonalignment policy
- noninterference policy
- nonintervention policy
- nonnuclear policy
- nuclear defense policy
- nuclear deterrent policy
- nuclear policy
- nuclear-free policy
- obstructionist policy
- official policy
- official trade policy
- oil policy
- old faces can't make new policy
- one-child-family policy
- one-sided policy
- open-door policy
- openly pursued policy
- opportunistic policy
- optimal policy
- ostrich policy
- ostrich-like policy
- outward-looking policy
- overall policy
- overtly racist policy
- parliamentary policy
- party policy
- passive policy
- pay-curb policy
- peace policy
- peaceful policy
- peace-loving policy
- personnel policy
- plunderous policy
- policy from positions of strength
- policy from strength
- policy in science and technology
- policy is bearing fruit
- policy is constitutional
- policy of a newspaper
- policy of aid
- policy of alliances
- policy of amicable cooperation with smb
- policy of appeasement
- policy of belt-tightening
- policy of capitulation
- policy of compromise
- policy of conciliation
- policy of confrontation
- policy of connivance
- policy of containment
- policy of cooperation
- policy of democracy and social progress
- policy of détente
- policy of deterrence
- policy of dictate
- policy of discrimination
- policy of economic blockade and sanctions
- policy of economy
- policy of elimination
- policy of expansion and annexation
- policy of fiscal rigor
- policy of freedom of expression
- policy of friendship
- policy of genocide
- policy of good-neighborliness
- policy of goodwill
- policy of inaction
- policy of intervention
- policy of intimidation
- policy of isolation
- policy of militarism
- policy of militarization
- policy of military confrontation
- policy of military force
- policy of national reconciliation
- policy of neutrality
- policy of nonalignment
- policy of noninterference
- policy of nonintervention
- policy of nonviolence
- policy of obstruction
- policy of openness
- policy of pacification
- policy of peace
- policy of peaceful co-existence
- policy of plunder
- policy of protectionism
- policy of racial segregation and discrimination
- policy of reconciliation
- policy of reform
- policy of reforms
- policy of regulating prices
- policy of renewal
- policy of restraint
- policy of revanche
- policy of revenge
- policy of subjugation
- policy of violence
- policy of wage restraint
- policy of war
- policy towards a country
- policy vis-à-vis a country
- policy with regard to a country
- policy won out
- political policy
- population policy
- position-of-strength policy
- practical policy
- predatory policy
- price control policy
- price-formation policy
- price-pricing policy
- pricing policy
- principled policy
- progressive policy
- proponent of policy
- protagonist of policy
- protectionist policy
- pro-war policy
- pro-Western policy
- public policy
- push-and-drag policy
- racial policy
- racist policy
- radical policy
- rapacious policy
- reactionary policy
- realistic policy
- reappraisal of policy
- reassessment of policy
- recession-induced policy
- reevaluation of policy
- reexamination of policy
- reform policy
- reformist policy
- regional policy
- renewal of policy
- re-orientation of policy
- repressive policy
- resettlement policy
- rethink of policy
- retrograde policy
- revanchist policy
- reversal of policy

- revision of policy
- revisionist policy
- rigid economic policy
- robust foreign policy
- ruinous policy
- safe policy
- sanctions policy
- scientifically substantiated policy
- scorched-earth policy
- selfless policy
- separatist policy
- shift in policy

- shoot-to-kill anti-terrorist policy
- short-sighted policy
- single-child policy
- social policy
- socio-economic policy
- sound policy
- splitting policy
- state policy
- state remuneration of labor policy
- stated policy
- staunch policy
- sterile policy
- stick-and-carrot policy
- stringent policy
- strong policy
- structural policy
- suitable policy
- sustained policy
- sweeping review of policy
- switch in policy
- tariff policy
- tax policy
- taxation policy
- technological policy
- tight policy
- tightening of policy
- time-serving policy
- tough policy
- toughening of policy
- trade policy
- trade-unionist policy
- traditional policy
- treacherous policy
- turn in policy
- turning point in policy
- unified policy
- united policy
- unsophisticated policy
- U-turn in policy
- viability of policy
- vigorous policy
- vote-losing policy
- wage policy
- wage-freeze policy
- wages policy
- wait-and-see policy
- war-economy policy
- wealth-creating policy
- whip-and-carrot policy
- wise policy
- world policy
- zigzags in policy

Politics english-russian dictionary > policy
11 trial

1) испытание

2) пробный
3) <engin.> опыт
4) проба
5) испытательный
6) эксперимент
7) попытка
– delivery trial
– dock trial
– establishment of trial
– independent trial
– laboratory trial
– maneuverability trial
– roadormance trial
– speed trial
– trial batch
– trial blast
– trial budget
– trial course
– trial flight
– trial function
– trial horsepower
– trial input
– trial operation
– trial run
– trial start
– truth of trial

adjust trial proportions — уточнять состав бетона

design trial batch — составлять пробный замес

proportion trial batch — проектировать пробный замес

trial closing operation — пробное включение

Англо-русский технический словарь > trial
12 General Accounting Office

сокр GAO

Управление общей бухгалтерской отчетности, Бюджетно-контрольное управление

Независимое федеральное ведомство [ independent agency]. Создано в 1921 по Закону о бюджете и отчетности [ Budget and Accounting Act of 1921]. Контрольный орган Конгресса США [ Congress, U.S.], осуществляет контроль за расходованием средств федеральной администрацией и проводит соответствующие ревизии и аудиты. Во главе стоит Генеральный ревизор США [ Comptroller General of the United States]

English-Russian dictionary of regional studies > General Accounting Office
13 accountant

1) квалифицированный бухгалтер; бухгалтер с управленческими функциями

2) ревизор, контролёр

3) эксперт по анализу балансов и финансовой отчётности

- accountant in charge

- call in an accountant

- budget accountant

- certified public accountant

- chartered accountant

- chief accountant

- chief managerial accountant

- cost accountant

- factory accountant

- general accountant

- independent accountant

- industrial accountant

- management accountant

- managerial accountant

- office accountant

- private accountant

- professional accountant

- public accountant

- tax accountant

- works accountant

Англо-русский словарь по экономике и финансам > accountant
14 authority

1) власть, полномочие; полнота власти; сфера компетенции

2) орган власти; орган управления

3) источник права; закон; прецедент; судебное решение; документ; авторитетный учебник по праву

4) авторитет; авторитетный специалист; авторитетное утверждение

5) авторитетность

6) доказательство; основание

7) доверенность; полномочие; правомочие; разрешение

•

by authority — с разрешения, по полномочию;

authority by estoppel — полномочия агента, неопровержимо презюмируемые на основании поведения принципала;

authority by law — правомочие по закону;

by authority of law — властью, в силу закона;

by state authority — властью штата;

authority conferred by office — власть, полномочия, правомочия по должности;

on authority — на основании; со ссылкой на... ;

source of authority — источник власти или авторитета;

to clothe with authority — облечь властью, полномочиями;

to divest of authority — лишить власти, полномочий, правомочий;

authority to issue warrants — орган власти, полномочный выдавать ордера;

authority to sign — право подписи;

to vest with authority — предоставить власть, полномочия, правомочия;

under authority of — в силу, на основании;

without authority — не будучи управомочен;

without due authority — не будучи должным образом управомочен;

without lawful authority — без законного на то права;

without proper authority — без надлежащего правомочия

international preliminary examining authority — пат. орган международной предварительной экспертизы

- authority of decision
- authority to punish
- by the weight of authority
- authority of government
- authority of law
- absolute authority
- actual authority
- adjudicating authority
- adjudicatory authority
- administering authority
- administrative authority
- apparent authority
- approving authority
- assumed authority
- bad authority
- blanket authority
- broad discretion authority
- broad discretion enforcement authority
- budget authority
- case authority
- chief executive authority
- circuit authorities
- citable authority
- city authorities
- civil authorities
- coercive authority
- committing authority
- competent authority
- constituted authorities
- constitutional authority
- constructive authority
- correctional authorities
- custom authority
- decisive authority
- delegated authority
- demanding authority
- detaining authority
- direct authority
- discretionary authority
- discretion authority
- discretionary diversion authority
- district authorities
- executive authority
- express authority
- express legislative authority
- extraditing authority
- federal authority
- final authority
- forged authority
- full authority
- general authority
- good authority
- implied authority
- incidental authority
- independent authority
- international authority
- investigating authority
- issuing authority
- judicial authority
- law enforcement authority
- lawful authorities
- legal authority
- legislative authority
- licensing authority
- limited authority
- local authority
- managerial authority
- military authority
- municipal authority
- naked authority
- national authority
- naval authorities
- non-constitutional authority
- non-statutory authority
- older authority
- operative authority
- ostensible authority
- parental authority
- parole authority
- patent authority
- penal authorities
- permissive authority
- persuasive authority
- police authority
- policing authority
- political authority
- primary authority
- public authority
- rating authority
- real authority
- receiving authority
- recognized authority
- regal authority
- regulating authority
- requisite authority
- reviewing authority
- rural authorities
- secondary authority
- signatory authority
- special authority
- specific authority
- spending authority
- state authority
- statutory authority
- supervisory authority
- supreme authority
- town authorities
- ultimate authority of decision
- universal authority
- unlimited authority
- urban authorities
- vicarious authority
- youth authority
- regulatory authority

Англо-русский юридический словарь > authority
15 division

дивизия; отдел; управление; мор. дивизия ( крупных кораблей), дивизион ( малых кораблей) ; дивизион ( как боевое подразделение на корабле) ; факультет; кафедра ( в вузе)

airborne division (air assault) — воздушноштурмовая дивизия

C3 and Computer Systems division — отдел систем руководства, управления, связи и ЭВМ (МП)

division of Military Application, Department of Energy — отдел министерства энергетики по вопросам военного применения ядерной энергии

division of Naval Reactors, Department of Energy — отдел министерства энергетики по вопросам ЯЭУ для ВМС

Junior division, ROTC — младшее [начальное] отделение корпуса вневойсковой подготовки офицеров резерва (из числа школьников)

Plans, Policy and Operations division — оперативно-плановое управление (НАТО)

Senior division, ROTC — старшее отделение корпуса вневойсковой подготовки офицеров резерва (из числа студентов)

US Army Engineer division, Europe — военно-инженерный округ СВ США в Европейской зоне

— academic division

— active division

— Active/Reserve component division

— administration and planning division

— admissions division

— Aeromedical Services division

— Aeronautical Information division

— Aerospace and Electronics division

— aerospace division

— Aerospace Physiology and Life Support division

— Aerospace Plans and Programs division

— Aerospace Support division

— Aerospace Systems Analysis and Scientific Studies division

— aerospace training division SAC

— Agent Central Cover division

— air assault division

— air defense division

— air division

— Air Force Ballistic Systems division

— air operations division

— Air Staff Air Defence division

— air transportation division

— airborne division

— Aircraft and Flying Hour Allocations division

— Aircraft and Weapons Test division

— aircraft carrier division

— Airlift and Support Aircraft division

— airlift division

— airman assignment division

— Airman Manning division

— Airman Records Maintenance division

— Airman Separation division

— airmobile armored division

— airmobile assault division

— airmobile division

— air-space division

— amphibious division

— amphibious infantry division

— armored division

— Army Staff Intelligence division

— artillery division

— assault craft division

— assault division

— Atomic Energy division

— Audit Management division

— Aviation Medical Research division

— Aviation Systems and Support division

— Awards and Decorations division

— BM division

— bombardment division

— bomber division

— Budget and Finance division

— cadre division

— career division

— cavalry division

— Civil Affairs Administration division

— civil defence division

— coastal waters fishing protection division

— combat division

— combined arms division

— Command Information division

— common division

— Communications and Electronics division

— Communications and Information Systems division

— Communications division

— Community Relations division

— continental air defense division

— Contracts division

— Control Systems division

— counterattack division

— Current Intelligence division

— Defence Staff Joint Exercise division

— Defence Staff Psychological Warfare division

— Defense Communications division

— Defense Support division

— disarmament affairs division

— division in the field

— division in the line

— division of Public Information

— dual-based divisions

— Electronic Systems division

— engineer division

— Engineer Resources Management division

— equipment division

— EW Training division

— Facilities and Service division

— Family Housing division

— fighter-bomber division

— foreign broadcast information division

— Foreign Materiel division

— Foreign Technology division

— four-brigade division

— frontier division

— full-dress division

— gaining division

— GM division

— graves registration division

— ground operations division

— heavy bomber division

— heavy division

— holding division

— House Liaison division

— Household division

— Housing division

— independent division

— infantry division (forward)

— infantry division (mechanized)

— intelligence division

— Investigation and Legislative division

— joint air defense division

— Judge Advocate division

— light aircraft division

— light armored division

— light division

— Litigation division

— Logistics and Manpower division

— Logistics Systems Planning division

— Long-Range Nuclear Operations division

— losing division

— mail and records division

— main division

— Manpower Plans and Policy division

— Marine airborne division

— marine division

— Materiel division

— mechanized division

— Medical division

— medium division

— military arts division

— Military Justice division

— military railway operating division

— Military Science division

— missile division

— Mission Support division

— Morale Support Activities division

— Motor Transportation division

— motorized division

— motorized infantry division

— mountain division

— Mutual Defense Material division

— National Range division

— NATO zone operations division

— naval air division

— nonmechanized infantry division

— operational division

— Operations and Training division

— Operations division

— Operations in Other Regions division

— Operations on UK Territory division

— ordnance division

— Organization and Training division

— Organized Reserve division

— pentomic division

— Personnel Management division

— Personnel Procurement division

— Personnel Services division

— Plans and Operations division

— Plans and Policy division

— Plans and Resource Management division

— Plans division

— Policy and Plans division

— Policy division

— Propaganda division

— Psychological Warfare division

— Public Information division

— R&D and Status division

— RDF division

— Recruiting and Training division

— reduced division

— Requirements and Programs division

— Reserves and Cadet Organization division

— Senate Liaison division

— Service Plans and Policies division

— staff division

— strategic aerospace division

— Strategic Submarine division

— Supply and Services division

— tactical armored division

— three-brigade division

— Tighter division

— Training division

— transport air division

— triangular division

— troop-carrier division

— two-brigade division

— universal division

— Volunteer Recruitment division

— War Plans division

— waterway division

— waterway grand division

— weapons support division

English-Russian military dictionary > division
16 Article 124

The courts shall be financed only from the federal budget and the possibility of the complete and independent administration of justice shall be ensured in keeping with the requirements of federal law.
__________ <На русском языке см. [ref dict="The Constitution of Russia (Russian)"]Статья 124[/ref]> <На немецком языке см. [ref dict="The Constitution of Russia (German)"]Artikel 124[/ref]> <На французском языке см. [ref dict="The Constitution of Russia (French)"]Article 124[/ref]>

The Constitution of Russia. English-Russian dictionary > Article 124
17 control

control n
управление
acceleration control line flow restrictor
дроссельный пакет линии управления приемистостью
acceleration control unit
автомат приемистости
aerodrome approach control system
система управления подходом к аэродрому
aerodrome control
управление в зоне аэродрома
aerodrome control communication
аэродромная командная связь
aerodrome controlled zone
зона, контролируемая авиадиспетчерской службой аэродрома
aerodrome control point
аэродромный диспетчерский пункт
aerodrome control radar
диспетчерский аэродромный радиолокатор
aerodrome control radio
аэродромная радиостанция командной связи
aerodrome control sector
зона контроля аэродрома диспетчерской службой
aerodrome control service
служба управления движением в зоне аэродрома
aerodrome control tower
аэродромный диспетчерский пункт
aerodrome control tower clearance
разрешение аэродромного диспетчерского пункта
aerodrome control unit
аэродромный диспетчерский пункт
aerodrome traffic control zone
зона аэродромного управления воздушным движением
aerodynamic control
управление с помощью аэродинамической поверхности
aerodynamic roll control
управление креном с помощью аэродинамической поверхности
aeronautical information control
аэронавигационное диспетчерское обслуживание
aileron control system
система управления элеронами
aileron trim tab control system
система управления триммером элерона
air control
диспетчерское обслуживание воздушного пространства
aircraft control loss
потеря управляемости воздушного судна
aircraft control margin
запас управляемости воздушного судна
aircraft control system
система управления воздушным судном
aircraft control transfer
передача управления воздушным судном
aircraft sanitary control
санитарный контроль воздушных судов
air intake spike control
управление конусом воздухозаборником
air mixture control
регулирование топливовоздушной смеси
airport control tower
командно-диспетчерский пункт аэрофлота
air traffic control
1. управление воздушным движением
2. ответчик системы УВД Air Traffic Control Advisory Committee
Консультативный комитет по управлению воздушным движением
air traffic control area
зона управления воздушным движением
air traffic control boundary
граница зоны управления воздушным движением
air traffic control center
диспетчерский центр управления воздушным движением
air traffic control clearance
разрешение службы управления воздушным движением
air-traffic control instruction
указания по управлению воздушным движением
air traffic control loop
цикл управления воздушным движением
air traffic control procedures
правила управления воздушным движением
air traffic control radar
радиолокатор управления воздушным движением
air traffic control routing
прокладка маршрута полета согласно указанию службы управления движением
air traffic control service
служба управления воздушным движением
air traffic control system
система управления воздушным движением
air traffic control unit
пункт управления воздушным движением
airways control
управление воздушным движением на трассе полета
airworthiness control system
система контроля за летной годностью
altitude control unit
высотный корректор
amount of controls
степень использования
angle-of-attack control
установка угла атаки
angular position control
управление по угловому отклонению
antitorque control pedal
педаль управления рулевым винтом
approach control
управление в зоне захода на посадку
approach control point
диспетчерский пункт захода на посадку
approach control radar
радиолокатор управления заходом на посадку
approach control service
диспетчерская служба захода на посадку
approach control tower
пункт управления заходом на посадку
approach control unit
диспетчерский пункт управления заходом на посадку
area control
управление в зоне
area control center
районный диспетчерский центр управления движением на авиатрассе
area flight control
районный диспетчерский пункт управления полетами
assisted control
управление с помощью гидроусилителей
associated crop control operation
контроль состояния посевов по пути выполнения основного задания
associated fire control operation
противопожарное патрулирование по пути выполнения основного задания
assume the control
брать управление на себя
assumption of control message
прием экипажем диспетчерского указания
attitude control system
система ориентации
(в полете) attitude flight control
управление пространственным положением
automatic boost control
автоматическое регулирование наддува
automatic control
автоматическое управление
automatic exhaust temperature control
автоматический регулятор температуры выходящих газов
automatic flight control
автоматическое управление полетом
automatic flight control equipment
оборудование автоматического управления полетом
automatic flight control system
автоматическая бортовая система управления
automatic gain control
автоматическая регулировка усиления
automatic level control
автоматическое управление уровнем
automatic path control
автоматический контроль траектории
automatic volume control
автоматическое регулирование громкости
autopilot control
управление с помощью автопилота
autostart control unit
автомат запуска
backswept boundary layer controlled wing
крыло с управляемым пограничным слоем
balance the control surface
балансировать поверхность управления
bank control
управление креном
blanketing of controls
затенение рулей
bleed valve control mechanism
механизм управления клапанами перепуска воздуха
bleed valve control unit
блок управления клапанами перепуска
boundary layer control
управление пограничным слоем
brake control pedal
педаль управления тормозами
Budget Control Section
Секция контроля за выполнением бюджета
(ИКАО) bypass control
управление перепуском топлива
cabin temperature control system
система регулирования температуры воздуха в кабине
cable control
тросовое управление
cable control system
система тросового управления
cargo hatch control switch
переключатель управления грузовым люком
change-over to manual control
переходить на ручное управление
check control
контрольный код
clearance control
таможенный досмотр
collective pitch control
управление общим шагом
collective pitch control lever
ручка шаг-газ
collective pitch control rod
тяга управления общим шагом
collective pitch control system
система управления общим шагом
(несущего винта) constant altitude control
выдерживание постоянной высоты
control actuator
исполнительный механизм управления
control board
пульт управления
control booster
усилитель системы управления
control cable
трос управления
control cable fairlead
направляющая тросовой проводки
control cable pressure seal
гермовывод троса управления
control center
диспетчерский центр
control characteristic
характеристика управляемости
control circuit
цепь управления
control column
штурвальная колонка
control column elbow
колено колонки штурвала
control column gaiter
чехол штурвальной колонки
control communication
связь для управления полетами
control console
пульт управления
control desk
пульт управления
control force
усилие в системе управления
control gear
ведущая шестерня
control in transition
управление на переходном режиме
control lag
запаздывание системы управления
controlled aerodrome
аэродром с командно-диспетчерской службой
controlled airspace
контролируемое воздушное пространство
controlled flight
контролируемый полет
controlled route
контролируемый маршрут
controlled spin
управляемый штопор
control lever
ручка управления
controlling beam
управляющий луч
controlling fuel
командное топливо
control linkage
проводка системы управления
control lock
стопор рулей
control loss
потеря управляемости
control message
диспетчерское указание
control mode
режим управления
control of an investigation
контроль за ходом расследования
control panel
пульт управления
control pedestal
пульт управления
control position indicator
указатель положения рулей
control radar
радиолокационная станция наведения
control radio station
радиостанция диспетчерской связи
control rod
тяга управления
control rod pressure seal
гермовывод тяги управления
control signal
управляющий сигнал
control slot
щель управления
(пограничным слоем) control speed
эволютивная скорость
Минимально допустимая скорость при сохранении управляемости. controls response
чувствительность органов управления
control stick
ручка управления
(воздушным судном) control stick movement
перемещение ручки управления
control surface
поверхность управления
control surface angle
угол отклонения руля
control surface chord
хорда руля
control surface deflection
отклонение поверхности управления
control surface effectiveness
эффективность рулей
control surface load
нагрузка на поверхность управления
control surface pilot
ось руля
control surface reversal
перекладка поверхности управления
control system
система управления
control system load
усилие на систему управления
control the aircraft
управлять воздушным судном
control the pitch
управлять шагом
control transfer line
рубеж передачи управления
control unit
командный прибор
control valve
клапан управления
control wheel
штурвал
control wheel force
усилие на штурвале
control wheel grip
рукоятка штурвала
control wheel horn
рог штурвала
control wheel rim
колесо штурвала управления
control zone
зона диспетчерского контроля
crop control flight
полет для контроля состояния посевов
crop control operation
полет для контроля состояния посевов с воздуха
customs control
таможенный досмотр
cyclic pitch control
управление циклическим шагом
cyclic pitch control rod
тяга управления циклическим шагом
cyclic pitch control stick
ручка продольно-поперечного управления циклическим шагом
(несущего винта) cyclic pitch control system
система управления циклическим шагом
(несущего винта) data flow control
управление потоком информации
deceleration control unit
дроссельный механизм
deflect the control surface
отклонять поверхность управления
(напр. элерон) differential aileron control
дифференциальное управление элеронами
differential control
дифференциальное управление
digital engine control
цифровой электронный регулятор режимов работы двигателя
direct control
непосредственный контроль
directional control
путевое управление
directional control capability
продольная управляемость при посадке
directional control loss
потеря путевой управляемости
directional control pedal
педаль путевого управления
direct lift control system
система управления подъемной силой
director control
директорное управление
distance control
дистанционное управление
Document Control Unit
Сектор контроля за документацией
drift angle control
управление углом сноса
dual control
спаренное управление
easy-to-operate control
легкое управление
electric propeller pitch control
электрическое управление шагом воздушного винта
electronic engine control system
электронная система управления двигателем
elevator control
управление рулем высоты
elevator control stand
колонка руля высоты
emergency control
аварийное управление
engine control system
система управления двигателем
engine throttle control lever
рычаг раздельного управления газом двигателя
environmental control system equipment
оборудование системы контроля окружающей среды
environment control
охрана окружающей среды
environment control system
система жизнеобеспечения
(воздушного судна) environment control system noise
шум от системы кондиционирования
fail to maintain control
не обеспечивать диспетчерское обслуживание
fail to relinquish control
своевременно не передать управление
feedback control system
система управления с обратной связью
fire control operation
противопожарное патрулирование с воздуха
flight compartment controls
органы управления в кабине экипажа
flight control
диспетчерское управление полетами
flight control boost system
бустерная система управления полетом
flight control fundamentals
руководство по управлению полетами
flight control gust-lock system
система стопорения поверхностей управления
(при стоянке воздушного судна) flight control load
нагрузка в полете от поверхности управления
flight control system
система управления полетом
flight director system control panel
пульт управления системой директорного управления
flow control
управление потоком
flow control center
диспетчерский центр управления потоком воздушного движения
flow control procedure
управление потоком
foot controls
ножное управление
fore-aft control rod
тяга провольного управления
fuel control panel
топливный щиток
fuel control unit
командно-топливный агрегат
fuel injection control
регулирование непосредственного впрыска топлива
full-span control surface
поверхность управления по всему размаху
(напр. крыла) get out of control
терять управление
go out of control
становиться неуправляемым
ground control
управление наземным движением
ground controlled approach
заход на посадку на посадку под контролем наземных средств
ground control system
наземная система управления
(полетом) hand control
ручное управление
handle the flight controls
оперировать органами управления полетом
heading control loop
рамочная антенна контроля курса
health control
медицинский контроль
helicopter control system
система управления вертолетом
hydraulic control
гидравлическое управление
hydraulic control boost system
гидравлическая бустерная система управления
hydraulic propeller pitch control
гидравлическое управление шагом воздушного винта
immigration control
иммиграционный контроль
independent control
автономное управление
inertial control system
инерциальная система управления
integrated control system
встроенная система контроля
integrated system of airspace control
комплексная система контроля воздушного пространства
interphone control box
абонентский аппарат переговорного устройства
irreversible control
необратимое управление
jacking control unit
пульт управления подъемниками
jet deviation control system
система управления отклонением реактивной струи
laminar flow control
управление ламинарным потоком
landing control
управление посадкой
land use control
контроль за использованием территории
lateral control
поперечное управление
lateral control rod
тяга поперечного управления
lateral control spoiler
интерцептор - элерон
lateral control system
система поперечного управления
(воздушным судном) layout of controls
расположение органов управления
level control
управление эшелонированием
longitudinal control
продольное управление
longitudinal control rod
тяга продольного управления
longitudinal control system
система продольного управления
(воздушным судном) loss of control
потеря управления
loss the control
терять управление
low control area
нижний диспетчерский район
maintain control
обеспечивать диспетчерское обслуживание
manipulate the flight controls
оперировать органами управления полетом
manual control
ручное управление
master control
центральный пульт управления
mid air collision control
предупреждение столкновений в воздухе
mixture control
высотный корректор
mixture control assembly
высотный корректор двигателя
mixture control knob
ручка управления высотным корректором
mixture control lever
рычаг высотного корректора
noise control
контроль уровня шума
noise control technique
метод контроля шума
nonreversible control
необратимое управление
nozzle control system
система управления реактивным соплом
oceanic area control center
океанический районный диспетчерский центр
oceanic control area
океанический диспетчерский район
oil control ring
маслосборное кольцо
operating controls
органы управления
operational control
диспетчерское управление полетами
overspeed limiting control
узел ограничения заброса оборотов
passport control
паспортный контроль
pedal control
ножное управление
pilot on the controls
пилот, управляющий воздушным судном
pitch control
продольное управление
pitch control lever
ручка шага
pitch control system
система управления тангажом
pitch trim control knob
кремальера тангажа
positive control zone
зона полного диспетчерского контроля
power augmentation control
управление форсажем
power-boost control
обратимое управление с помощью гидроусилителей
power-boost control system
бустерная обратимая система управления
powered control
управление с помощью гидроусилителей
power-operated control
необратимое управление с помощью гидроусилителей
power-operated control system
необратимая система управления
pressure control system
система регулирования давления
pressure control unit
автомат давления
propeller control unit
регулятор числа оборотов воздушного винта
propeller pitch control
управление шагом воздушного винта
propeller pitch control system
л управления шагом воздушного винта
pull the control column back
брать штурвал на себя
pull the control stick back
брать ручку управления на себя
push-button control
кнопочное управление
push-pull control system
жесткая система управления
(при помощи тяг) push the control column
отдавать штурвал от себя
push the control stick
отдавать ручку управления от себя
quality control expert
эксперт по контролю за качеством
radar approach control
центр радиолокационного управления заходом на посадку
radar control
радиолокационный контроль
radar control area
зона действия радиолокатора
radar transfer of control
передача радиолокационного диспетчерского управления
radio control board
пульт управления по радио
radio remote control
радиодистанционное управление
regional control center
региональный диспетчерский центр
release of control
передача управления
relinquish control
передавать управление
remote control
дистанционное управление
remote control equipment
оборудование дистанционного управления
remote control system
система дистанционного управления
respond to controls
реагировать на отклонение рулей
reverser lock control valve
клапан управления замком реверса
reversible control
обратимое управление
reversible control system
обратимая система управления
rigid control
жесткое управление
roll control
управление по крену
roll control force sensor
датчик усилий по крену
roll control knob
ручка управления креном
rudder control
управление рулем направления
rudder control system
система управления рулем направления
rudder trim tab control system
система управления триммером руля направления
runway controlled
диспетчер старта
runway control van
передвижной диспетчерский пункт в районе ВПП
safety control measures
меры по обеспечению безопасности
speed control area
зона выдерживания скорости
speed control system
система управления скоростью
(полета) spring tab control rod
тяга управление пружинным сервокомпенсатором
stabilizer control jack
механизм перестановки стабилизатора
stack controlled
диспетчер подхода
starting fuel control unit
автомат подачи пускового топлива
steering-damping control valve
распределительно демпфирующий механизм
stiff control
тугое управление
surface movement control
управление наземным движением
surge control
противопомпажный механизм
tab control system
система управления триммером
tab control wheel
штурвальчик управления триммером
tail rotor control pedal
педаль управления рулевым винтом
take over the control
брать управление на себя
temperature control
терморегулятор
temperature control amplifier
усилитель терморегулятора
temporary loss of control
временная потеря управляемости
terminal control area
узловой диспетчерский район
terminal radar control
конечный пункт радиолокационного контроля
terminate the control
прекращать диспетчерское обслуживание
termination of control
прекращение диспетчерского обслуживания
throttle control
управление газом
throttle control knob
сектор управления газом
throttle control twist grip
ручка коррекции газа
tie bus control
управление переключением шин
track controlled
диспетчер обзорного радиолокатора
traffic control
управление воздушным движением
traffic control instructions
правила управления воздушным движением
traffic control personnel
персонал диспетчерской службы воздушного движения
traffic control regulations
правила управления воздушным движением
transfer of control
передача диспетчерского управления
transfer the control
передавать диспетчерское управление другому пункту
trim tab control
управление триммером
turn control knob
ручка управления разворотом
unassisted control
управление без применения гидроусилителей
unassisted control system
безбустерная система управления
upper area control center
диспетчерский центр управления верхним районом
upper control area
верхний диспетчерский район
upper level control area
верхний район управления эшелонированием
warning system control unit
блок управления аварийной сигнализации
weight and balance controlled
диспетчер по загрузке и центровке
wind flaps control system
система управления закрылками
windshield heat control unit
автомат обогрева стекол
wing flap control system
система управления закрылками
yaw control
управление по углу рыскания

English-Russian aviation dictionary > control

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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independent budget

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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independent budget

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